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SEPTEMBER 2004

Computer Adaptive Technology for the Visually Impaired
by Burke Mortimer

Since 1895 The New York Public Library (NYPL) has worked diligently to meet the reading needs of people with disabilities. Currently, the Andrew Heiskell Braille and Talking Book Library, a branch of NYPL, is responsible for meeting their needs in New York City and Long Island.

With the advent of the computer age The New York Public Library was quick to acquire computer based software, which could deliver the printed word in different ways to those who cannot read standard print. I will briefly describe several of the computer software programs and technology that the library uses to give its patron access to the printed materials.

In 1978 NYPL was the first public library to acquire Kurzweil reading machines for its users. This invention completely revolutionized the delivery of the printed word to those who were unable to read print materials. Previous patrons had to rely on Braille or recorded materials. With the invention of the Kurzweil device patrons scanned materials on a flat bed and then the printed word is translated into synthetic speech. The current version makes thousands of books and journals available in English and in other languages using the Roman alphabet.

Another valuable software program that is used primarily for navigating the Internet is JAWS. JAWS is primarily a screen reader that converts text into speech and reads it to the user. Computer users who are completely blind can navigate the Internet and use regular software such as WORD and EXCEL. A major feature of JAWS is that all the commands are issued using keystrokes. The mouse is not used; therefore, it is vital that those who use JAWS have an in depth knowledge of the keyboard.

The most commonly used software for enabling the patron to use the computer is ZOOMTEXT. This program enlarges the font on the computer screen up to a magnification of 16X. Other features of this software include highlighting both the mouse pointer and the cursor. An important component of this program is the ability to change the color of the font and the background. This type of software is designed for people who have low vision.

The Power Braille board is yet another adaptive technology tool. This thin electronic board is attached to the computer's keyboard and is used by patrons who need materials converted into Braille. What is on screen is converted into moveable 6 dot and 8 dot Braille that is used in computer and scientific texts. Power Braille is used in conjunction with JAWS so that the user can both read and hear the text. The speed in which the Braille dots appear on the board may be adjusted to whatever level is comfortable for the reader.

Listed above are only a few of the resources available to assist those who have difficulty in reading standard print.#

Burke Mortimer is Senior Librarian at The Andrew Heiskell Braille and Talking Book Library. For more information call (212) 206- 5400, (212) 206-5458 (TDD) or visit talkingbooks.nypl.org.

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